木星真的大到沒有繞太陽運轉嗎?
Is it true that Jupiter is so large that it does not orbit around the sun?
譯文簡介
木星太大了，它不是（完全）繞著太陽轉的。
正文翻譯
Is it true that Jupiter is so large that it does not orbit around the sun?
木星真的大到沒有繞太陽運轉嗎?
木星真的大到沒有繞太陽運轉嗎?
評論翻譯
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Yes!Jupiter, The biggest planet in our solar system. It is so massive that 1300 earths could fit inside of this planet. Jupiter is 2.5 times more massive than all the other planets in our solar system combined!
This is our tiny earth compared to the Jupiter:
Jupiter is so big that the center of gravity of the sun and Jupiter is outside of sun. Although extremely close to the surface of the sun.
So the sun and Jupiter both orbit around their center of gravity which is also known as barycenter.
Barycenter is the center of mass of two or more bodies that orbit one another and is the point about which the bodies orbit.
Technically Jupiter orbits around the barycenter of sun and Jupiter which is located outside of the sun.
是的!
木星，太陽系中最大的行星。它的質量如此之大，可以容納1300個地球。木星的質量是太陽系所有其他行星質量總和的2.5倍!
這是我們的小地球和木星的對比：
So, Yes! Jupiter is so large that it doesn't orbit around the sun. Fascinating!
Now other planets in solar system are so small that barycenter of the sun and a planet like earth lies inside of the sun. (Also very near to the center of sun.)
So it looks like other planets are orbiting the center of the sun.
To understand this you can also imagine spinning a kid like this:
(Could be dangerous. Imagine only.)
The center of gravity of you and the kid would be somewhere very near to your feet. So you're spinning almost at the same place but the kid is orbiting around you. This is exactly what happens with the sun and the other planets.
By the way, this is how two stars with nearly same weights orbit around their common barycenter in binary star system:
所以，是的！木星太大了，它不是（完全）繞著太陽轉的。迷人吧!
太陽系中的其他行星都很小，太陽和像地球這樣的行星的中心都位于太陽內部。(離太陽中心點很近。)
所以看起來其他行星都在繞著太陽中心運行。
為了理解這一點，你也可以想象這樣旋轉一個孩子:(可能是危險的，所以想想就行了。)
你和孩子的重心會在離你腳很近的某個地方。所以你們幾乎在同一個地方旋轉，但孩子在繞著你轉。這正是太陽和其他行星所發生的。
順便說一下，這是兩顆質量幾乎相同的恒星在雙星系統中圍繞共同重心運行的方式:
Manikanta Reddy
hope this type of animated explanation for all schools is needed to understand easily and eliminate mugging
希望所有學校都有這種生動的解釋，以便容易理解和消除困惑。
Technically, no obxt orbits around any other obxt. They always orbit the center of mass of the system. Just because the center of mass may be physically within one of the obxts doesn't mean the other obxt “orbits around” it in any meaningful sense.
從技術上講，沒有任何天體會繞著其他天體運行。它們總是繞著系統的重心運轉。僅僅因為一個天體的重心在物理上可能在其中一個天體內，并不意味著另一個天體真的在“繞著”它轉。
i have a doubt, so we can conclude that sun is revolving around its barycenter because of presence of jupiter, does it means that when all the other planets revolving around the sun completes their revolution at different places everytime in space
or shall I say that each revolution of earth occurs at different places in space, if it is true then should it affect the earth in any terms?
我有疑問，我們可以得出結論，太陽繞著它的重心運轉是因為木星的存在。
這是否意味著其他所有圍繞太陽運轉的行星在空間中每次都在不同的位置完成公轉，或者我應該說，地球的每一次公轉都發生在空間的不同地方，如果這是真的，那么它會在某些方面影響地球嗎?
There is a lot of semantics here in these answers, but the simple version is that Jupiter, and all the planets, and the asteroids, and the comets in the solar system orbit around the Sun.
Because all of these obxts are free in space (i.e. they are not anchored anywhere), including the sun, they move a little bit with respect to each other. This is like two children holding hands and spinning around each other - both children will rotate around some common point between them. If one of the people is an adult, then they will spin in a much tighter circle than the (smaller) child.
The same thing happens with the Sun and the planets - and because Jupiter is the biggest planet, it and the Sun actually spin around a point just above the surface of the Sun - but Jupiter is still the little guy here circling around the sun because the Sun is literally 1000x bigger than Jupiter.
在這些答案中有很多語義，但簡單的說法是木星，以及所有的行星，小行星和彗星在太陽系中都圍繞太陽運行。
因為所有這些天體在空間中都是自由的(例如，它們沒有固定在任何地方)，包括太陽，它們彼此之間會移動一點。這就像兩個孩子牽著手，繞著對方旋轉——兩個孩子都會繞著他們之間的某個公共點旋轉。如果其中一個人是成年人，那么他們的圈子就會比(較小的)孩子的圈子小得多。
同樣的事情也發生在太陽和行星上——因為木星是最大的行星，它和太陽實際上圍繞太陽表面上方的一點旋轉。但木星仍然是繞著太陽轉的小家伙，因為太陽實際上比木星大1000倍。
The point around which both a planet and the Sun orbits is called the Barycentre, For all the planets except Jupiter, their Barycentre with the Sun is within the Sun.
行星和太陽都環繞的那個點叫做重心。除木星外，所有行星的重心都在太陽內部。
Jupiter certainly orbits the Sun but what you may be thinking of is the Sun-Jupiter barycenter, which is outside the volume of the Sun. A barycenter is the center of mass of a multi-body system. If you have two obxts of equal mass orbiting each other, their center of mass would be directly between the two, well outside of either of them. They would appear to circle through space around this empty point rather than one clearly going around the other. Jupiter is about 1/1,000 the mass of the Sun and orbits at about 5 au. This places the common center of mass of the two bodies between Jupiter and the Sun but shifted toward the Sun about 99.9%. This means the barycenter is about 30,000 miles above the surface of the Sun. If you watched only the Sun and Jupiter, the Sun would actually move around in a circle, rather than just spinning, because of the gravitational pull of Jupiter. The other planets affect this somewhat but their mass is so much less than Jupiter (which out weighs the rest of the planets combined) that they are negligible. I don't know where the barycenter of the entire solar system is but I expect it to be outside the sun as well, meaning the sun actually wobbles around as the planets (mostly Jupiter) tug it different directions.
Edit: I finally did the actual math! Also, LaTeX formatting…
r1=a?m2m1+m2r1=a?m2m1+m2
=778.5×109×1.898×10271.898×1027+1.989×1030=778.5×109×1.898×10271.898×1027+1.989×1030 (In m and kg)
= 742,000 km from the center of the sun
The sun’s radius is 696,000km so the barycenter is 742,000–696,000 =46,000km or 28,500mi above the surface (I did plenty of rounding so this is just a rough approximation).
木星當然是圍繞太陽運行的，但你想指出的可能是太陽-木星的重心，它在太陽的體積之外。重心是多體系統的中心。
如果有兩個質量相等的天體繞著對方轉，它們的重心就會在這兩個天體之間，都在它們的外面。它們似乎是圍繞著這個空點在空間中旋轉的，而不是一個明顯地圍繞著另一個。木星的質量約為太陽的1/ 1000，公轉軌道約為5天文單位。（譯注：天文單位——地球與太陽間的平均距離，約為9300萬英里，約合14.96億公里）
這兩個天體的共同重心位于木星和太陽之間，但向太陽移動了約99.9%。這意味著重心距離太陽表面約3萬英里。如果你只觀察太陽和木星，由于木星的引力作用，太陽實際上會繞著一個圓圈運動，而不是僅僅自轉。其他行星對這一點有一定的影響，但它們的質量比木星小得多(木星的重量比其他行星的重量加在一起)，所以可以忽略不計。我不知道整個太陽系的重心在哪里，但我預計它也在太陽之外，這意味著太陽實際上會隨著行星(主要是木星)的不同方向的牽引而擺動。
補充：我算出來啦！……距離太陽中心74.2萬公里。太陽的半徑是69.6萬公里，所以重心位于太陽表面之上的742000 - 696000 =46000公里 (我做了大量的四舍五入，所以這只是一個粗略的估計)。
Nearer at home this also applies to the Moon-Earth system which some think should be regarded as a double planet as they revolve round their common centre of gravity. The Moon is much larger (compared to Earth) than say the stellites of Jupiter.
在國內，這也適用于一些人認為應該被視為雙行星的月地系統，因為它們圍繞著共同的重心旋轉。
月球(與地球相比)比木星的衛星要大得多。
In short, no, it isn’t true.
Jupiter orbits the Sun, as the Sun is so humongously much bigger than Jupiter, that it completely dominates the system, and Jupiter is gravitationally bound to the Solar System.
Of course it is mostly a matter of semantics, but unless someone believes our Solar System should be described as a binary star, just go with Jupiter orbiting the Sun.
A slightly longer answer, barycenter, bla bla bla, others have written it, and it is correct, as long as you assume the Solar System is only the Sun and Jupiter. To a good approximation it is, but only in the short term.
However, looking at the full Solar System, the planets do not orbit the Solar System barycenter!
For illustration imagine the Earth being between the Sun and Jupiter (i.e. the SS barycenter is closer to Earth than the Sun is), the Earth will then experience a weaker gravitational pull from the direction of the Sun because Jupiter is pulling in the opposite direction, cancelling some of the gravitational effect of the Sun.
Meanwhile if the Earth is on the opposite side from the Sun, the gravitational pull will be greater because both the Sun and Jupiter pull in the same direction, but the barycenter is further away than the Sun.
This in short, is the exact opposite of what you would see, if the Earth was orbiting the SS barycenter!
The reason of course, is that barycenters are a mathematical tool and can be used exactly in calculations for two-body problems, but only as approximations for special cases of three- or more-body problems where e.g. the third and smallest body is much further away from the other two bodies, than they are from each other, or two small bodies are in a close orbit around each other while together they are orbiting a third massive body far away, or something else along those lines.
簡而言之，不，這不是真的。
木星圍繞太陽運行，因為太陽比木星大得多，它完全主宰了太陽系，而木星在引力上與太陽系緊密相連。
當然，這主要是語義上的問題，但除非有人相信我們的太陽系應該被描述為一顆雙星，否則只會是木星圍繞太陽運行。
一個稍微長一點的答案，重心，等等，其他人都寫過，這是正確的，只要你假設太陽系只有太陽和木星。這可以得到一個很好的近似值。然而，縱觀整個太陽系，行星并不是圍繞太陽系的重心運行的!
舉例來說，想象地球位于太陽和木星之間(即太陽系的重心離地球更近而非太陽)，地球受到的來自太陽方向的引力會減弱，因為木星的引力方向相反，抵消了太陽的一些引力效應。與此同時，如果地球在太陽的反面，引力會更大，因為太陽和木星的引力方向相同，重心離太陽更遠。
簡而言之，這是完全相反的?！?
In other words, the barycenter can be used, when for any given body in the system, all the other bodies can be meaningfully described by a spherical distribution of mass with a distance to the given body greater than the radius of the sphere. (In Newtonian mechanics, a spherical mass distribution can easily be shown to have the same gravitational effect outside the sphere as a point at the center containing all the mass - but only outside the sphere!)
For the Sun-Earth-Jupiter system, the Earth would have to be much further from the Sun, than Jupiter is, for the two heavy obxts to approach anything remotely like a spherical distribution of mass, as seen from the Earth. Meanwhile the Earth-Moon barycenter is a good approximation for what is actually orbiting the Sun.
If planets really did orbit the barycenter, three-body problems would be just as easy to solve as two-body problems… and they definitely are not!
So, does Jupiter orbit the Sun-Jupiter barycenter? Well, to a good first approximation it can be described so. But the big planets further out can mess up the calculations - and if you’re talking the entire Solar System barycenter, you couldn’t even do any calculations, because we don’t really know how much mass is there or how exactly it is distributed! A single ten Earth-mass planet orbiting six or so light months out, would put the SS barycenter somewhere in the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Fortunately it doesn’t matter, because most of the unknown mass is extremely far out and either cancels out or affects all bodies in the inner Solar System equally - as would my hypothetical ten Earth-mass planet.
In any case, saying that Jupiter orbits the Sun is perfectly true. Saying it “really” doesn’t is basically trying to be smart and failing.
重心是一種數學工具，可以準確地用于計算兩體問題，但在三體或更多天體問題上這些特殊問題上就只能估算了。例如，第三個也是最小的天體與另外兩個天體的距離比這兩個天體之間的距離要遠得多。亦或者兩個較小的天體相互之間近距離軌道上運轉，同時一同遠遠地繞著第三個大得多的天體運轉。
換句話說，當系統中任何給定天體，所有其他天體都可以用一個球形的質量分布來描述，這個球形的質量分布到給定天體的距離大于其半徑時，可以用重心來描述?！绻行钦娴睦@著重心運行，那么三體問題就和兩體問題一樣容易解決了，但事實并非如此!
那么，木星有繞著太陽-木星的重心運行嗎?我們可以這樣描述它。但更遠處的大行星會打亂軌道，如果你說的是整個太陽系的重心，你甚至沒法計算，因為我們真的不知道有多少質量，也不知道它到底是如何分布的！……
幸運的是，這無關緊要，因為大部分未知的質量都非常遙遠，要么抵消要么對太陽系內部的所有天體的影響都一樣。
無論如何，木星繞太陽運行的說法是完全正確的。說“真的”并不能說明你很聰明。
Technically, it is true. Barely.
Jupiter is the biggest planet in the solar system; its mass is about 0.1% of the mass of the sun.
Jupiter is the only planet in the solar system where the center of gravity between it and the sun is outside the surface of the sun - though by only 7% of the sun’s radius. That means that technically, you’re correct. Jupiter does not orbit the sun. Instead, both Jupiter and the sun are orbiting a point outside the sun, very very very close to the sun.
嚴格來說，說木星沒有繞著太陽公轉勉強是對的。
木星是太陽系中最大的行星，它的質量大約是太陽質量的0.1%。木星是太陽系中唯一一顆它和太陽之間的重心位于太陽表面之外的行星——盡管它的半徑只有太陽半徑的7%。
這意味著嚴格來說，你是對的。木星不是繞太陽運行的。相反，木星和太陽都在圍繞太陽外的一個點運行，只是非常非常非?？拷?。
鏈接：《木星》——維基
原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.gdsfy.cn 轉載請注明出處
Isn’t it the case with almost all orbiting bodies that instead of one orbiting the other, both are orbiting a point somewhere between them? And…another Friedman SF writer? Too cool, I will have to look up your work. Do you have an author page?
所有繞軌道運行的天體難道不都是兩個都繞著它們之間的某個點運行，而非一個繞著另一個運行嗎?
另外，你也姓Friedman？科幻作家？很酷，我會去細讀你的著作的。
Two orbiting bodies will orbit their center of gravity.
When you have a small body orbiting a massive body, typically, that center of gravity (barycenter), although not in the center of the massive body, will still be a point within the massive body.
For example: In the Moon-Earth system, the barycenter is located on average 4,671 km from Earth center. That point is still within Earth. (Earth radius is 6,371 km)
The barycenter between the Sun and all the planets except for Jupiter is within the Sun. The barycenter between the Sun and Jupiter is outside the Sun.
兩個繞軌道運行的天體將圍繞它們的重心運行。
當一個小天體繞著一個大質量天體旋轉時，一般來說，重心，雖然不在大質量天體的中心，但仍然是大質量物體內部的一個點上。
例如:在月地系統中，重心距離地球中心平均4671公里。那個點還在地球內部。(地球半徑為6371公里)
太陽和除木星以外的所有行星之間的重心都在太陽內部，只有太陽和木星之間的重心在太陽外面。
The thing is, there's isn't nothing “special” about whether the barycenter is “inside” one of the bodies or not. From an orbital mechanics perspective, all that matters is each body’s center of mass. The fact that the Jupiter-Sun barycenter is outside the sun and the Earth-Sun barycenter is inside is simply a curiosity as the calculations to determine the two orbits are exactly the same. Eventually, the sun will become a red giant and swell, resulting in the Jupiter-Sun barycenter being inside the sun. However, that will have no effect whatsoever on Jupiter’s orbit.
問題是，重心是否在一個天體的“內部”并沒有什么“特別的”。從軌道力學的角度來看，重要的是每個天體的重心。
木星-太陽的重心在太陽外面，而地球-太陽的重心在太陽里面，這一事實只是一個科普級別的信息，因為確定這兩個軌道的計算完全相同。
最終，太陽會變成紅巨星并膨脹，導致木星-太陽的重心在太陽內部。然而，這對木星的軌道沒有任何影響。
As for my work, so far I only published short stories. My first novel will be released next year by WordFire press. My Quora profile is pretty up-to-date.
Are we related? My grandparents came from a Jewish family in Poland.
關于我的作品，到目前為止我只發表短篇小說。我的第一部小說將于明年由WordFire出版社出版。我在Quora上的資料是最新的。
我們有血緣關系嗎?我的祖父母來自波蘭的一個猶太家庭。
原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.gdsfy.cn 轉載請注明出處
Could be. My great grandparents were from Russia and Poland, with one grandparent from Hungary. Don’t have any records from before they got here, though.
有可能。我的曾祖父母來自俄羅斯和波蘭，另一位祖父母來自匈牙利。
但沒有他們來之前的任何記錄。
So, if Pluto is a planetoid and not a planet because it and its moon’s orbital CG is outside the radius of Pluto, does that mean Jupiter is not a planet since it’s orbital CG is outside of the Sun’s radius? If so, then what is it?
所以，如果冥王星是小行星而不是行星就因為它和它的衛星的軌道重心在冥王星的半徑之外的話，這是否意味著木星也不是行星，因為它的軌道重心在太陽的半徑之外?
按照這個邏輯，那木星是什么?
The International Astronomical unx (IAU) still defines Jupiter as a planet.
國際天文聯合會(IAU)仍然將木星定義為一顆行星。
You’re swapping scope. Pluto is a planetoid (in part) because it’s not big enough for its own moons to orbit around it. Charon is about half the diameter of Pluto and they sort of orbit each other. It’s more accurate to think of Pluto and its moons as a “system”, and that system orbits the Sun. Jupiter has plenty of moons and they all have their own stable orbits.
冥王星是一顆小行星的部分原因是因為它不夠大，無法讓自己的衛星圍繞它運行。冥衛一的直徑大約是冥王星的一半，它們繞著對方運行。
更準確的說法是，冥王星和它的衛星是一個“系統”，這個系統圍繞太陽運行。而木星有很多衛星，它們都有自己穩定的軌道。
Richard as a pure amateurist I want to say thank you for your comment that has put every in perspective and simultaneously answered every other debate. Most of all thank you for dumbing it down. Keep it up.
Richard，作為一個純粹的業余愛好者，我想對你的評論說聲謝謝，你的評論從各個角度出發，同時回答了所有其他的爭論點。最重要的是，謝謝你把它簡化了（通俗易懂）。
堅持下去。
Jupiter, the fifth planet from the sun, gas giant, is huge. Huge. I mean HUGE!
It's so huge, in fact, that it doesn't actually orbit the sun. Not exactly. With 2.5 times the mass of all the other planets in the solar system combined, it's big enough that the center of gravity between Jupiter and the sun doesn't actually reside inside the sun - rather, at a point in space just above the sun's surface.
Here's how that works.
When a small obxt orbits a big obxt in space, the less massive one doesn't really travel in a perfect circle around the larger one. Rather, both obxts orbit a combined center of gravity.
In situations we're familiar with - like Earth orbiting the much-larger sun - the center of gravity resides so close to the center of the larger obxt that the impact of this phenomenon is negligible. The bigger obxt doesn't seem to move, and the smaller one draws a circle around it.
But reality is always more complicated.
For example: When the International Space Station (ISS) orbits the Earth, both the Earth and the space station orbit their combined center of gravity. But that center of gravity is so absurdly close to the center of the Earth that the planet's motion around the point is impossible to spot - and the ISS describes a near-perfect circle around the whole planet.
The same truth holds when most planets orbit the sun. Sun is just so much larger than Earth, Venus, Mercury, or even Saturn that their centers of mass with the sun all lie deep within the star itself.
Not so with Jupiter.
The gas giant is so big that its center of mass with the sun, or barycentre, actually lies 1.07 solar radii from the middle of the Sun- or 7% of a sun-radius above the sun's surface. Both the Sun and Jupiter orbit around that point in space.
木星是離太陽第五遠的行星，是一顆巨大的氣體行星。足夠巨大!
這顆行星很漂亮，對吧？/笑
事實上，它是如此巨大，以至于它并不是圍繞太陽運行的。不完全是。它的質量是太陽系所有其他行星質量總和的2.5倍，它足夠大，木星和太陽之間的重心實際上并不在太陽內部，而是在太陽表面上方的一個空間點上。
當一個小天體在太空中圍繞一個大天體運行時，質量較小的天體并不能圍繞較大的天體繞一個完美的圓運行。更確切地說，兩個物體都圍繞一個共同的重心運行。在我們熟悉的情況下——比如地球繞著大得多的太陽轉——地球的重心非常接近大天體的中心，所以這種現象的影響可以忽略不計。較大的天體似乎沒有移動，較小的天體在它周圍畫了一個圈。
但事實總是更復雜。
例如:當國際空間站繞地球運行時，地球和空間站都繞著它們的共同重心運行。但這個重心離地球中心如此之近，以至于地球圍繞這個點的運動是不可能被發現的——國際空間站畫了一個近乎完美的、圍繞整個地球的圓。
當大多數行星圍繞太陽運行時，同樣的道理也適用。太陽比地球、金星、水星甚至土星都要大得多，它們與太陽的質量中心都位于恒星內部的深處。
但木星卻不是這樣。
這顆氣體巨星是如此之大，以至于它與太陽的質心，或者說重心，實際上距離太陽中心1.07個太陽半徑——或者說距離太陽表面7%的太陽半徑。太陽和木星都圍繞這一點運行。
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